【环球时报驻香港特约记者 叶蓝】距台湾电影“金马奖”颁奖典礼还有约两个月，香港影业协会近日向会员发信称，“金马奖”近年日趋政治化，要有意参与的香港影业协会会员“务须三思”。实际上，由于近几届“金马奖”愈发将电影评价与政治扯上关系，参加的香港电影人也越来越少。
BRUSSELS -- A European Union decision on whether to authorize the use of the controversial chemical herbicide glyphosate in the 27-nation bloc for at least 10 more years was delayed for a month after member countries failed to agree on Friday.The chemical, which is widely used in the 27-nation bloc, is approved on the EU market until mid-December. Representatives of the EU’s executive arm and member countries voted Friday in favor of renewing its authorization until 2033, despite protests from environmental groups. But to be adopted, the 10-year extension proposed by the European Commission required a “qualified majority,” defined as 55% of the 27 members representing at least 65% of the total EU population of some 450 million people. Several member states abstained, and that was not achieved. The European Commission is now expected to amend its proposal before another vote takes place next month. Ultimately, if no consensus is found, the Commission will have the final say.Green members of the European Parliament welcomed the delay and urged member states to vote for a complete ban of glyphosate.“It is irresponsible to again renew the authorization of the use of glyphosate,” said Bas Eickhout, the vice-chair of the Parliament's environment committee. "This would give the big agri a blank check to earn billions by selling a pesticide for which there are still big gaps in knowledge about the effects on our health, and at the same time poses large risks for European biodiversity.”Over the past decade, glyphosate, used in products like the weedkiller Roundup, has been at the heart of heated scientific debate about whether it causes cancer and its possible disruptive effect on the environment. The chemical was introduced by Monsanto in 1974 as an effective way of killing weeds while leaving crops and plants intact.The France-based International Agency for Research on Cancer, which is part of the World Health Organization, classified it as a “probable human carcinogen” in 2015. The EU’s food safety agency had paved the way for the 10-year extension when it said in July it “did not identify critical areas of concern” in the use of glyphosate. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency found in 2020 that the herbicide did not pose a health risk to people, but a federal appeals court in California ordered the agency last year to reexamine that ruling, saying it wasn’t supported by enough evidence.EU member states are responsible for authorizing the use of products including the chemical on their national markets, following a safety evaluation.In France, President Emmanuel Macron had committed to ban glyphosate before 2021 but has since backpedaled. Germany, the EU's biggest economy, plans to stop using it from next year, but the decision could be challenged. Luxembourg’s national ban, for instance, was overturned in court earlier this year.Greenpeace had called on the EU to reject the market reapproval, citing studies indicating that glyphosate may cause cancer and other health problems and could also be toxic to bees. The agroindustry sector, however, claims there are no viable alternatives.“Whatever the final decision that emerges from this re-authorization process, there is one reality that member states will have to face up to,” said Copa-Cogeca, a group representing farmers and agricultural cooperatives. “There is as of yet no equivalent alternative to this herbicide, and without it, many agricultural practices, notably soil conservation, would be rendered complex, leaving farmers with no solutions.”。
“玷污电影的独立艺术性” 今年第59届“金马奖”预计11月19日在台北“国父纪念馆”登场。据台湾《联合报》14日报道，香港影业协会在13日给全体成员发送的信中称，近年“金马奖”颁奖典礼中，多名台湾导演或艺人一再提出与电影艺术不相关的言论，将政治与电影混为一谈，玷污电影的独立艺术性，将整个活动拖进充斥争议的胡同中，“如果会员希望参与（金马奖），务须三思，以免殃及池鱼，卷入无谓的纠纷中，得不偿失”。香港影业协会成立于1986年，是香港电影界保障和促进电影从业人员权益及福利的团体，同时也是中国国家版权局委任为指定香港电影作品的版权认证及发证机构。协会宗旨之一是“与世界各地的影业协会联络，以促进、推广及保障电影业的发展”，因此过去香港电影界参加台湾“金马奖”，会由影业协会组成香港影业代表团参与。目前，香港影业协会会员约有170个，现任理事长为狄龙国际电影有限公司的洪祖星，永远名誉会长为向华强等10人。
国台办发言人朱凤莲14日表示，我们支持的是能够促进两岸同胞相互理解和相互认同的交流，“赋予政治色彩的活动”就另当别论了。
政治化自砸招牌 台湾“金马奖”自1962年创办，起初只是台当局为促进台片制作与肯定优秀电影人所举办的奖励竞赛。“金马”二字取自金门、马祖的头一个字组合而成，符合全球主要影展一般以“金字招牌”为号召的潮流。
B | 最早报名该奖项的主要是台湾和香港电影，2008年后大陆和新加坡、马来西亚的影片也开始积极参加，使“金马奖”一度成为华人电影圈的一项重要评奖，与大陆“金鸡奖”和香港“金像奖”并称为“华语电影三大奖”，拉近了华语电影爱好者的距离。不过近年来，在民进党当局破坏两岸关系的背景下，“金马奖”也日趋政治化，不仅自砸招牌，更是引发大陆以及其他地区华语电影人的警惕。在2018年第55届“金马奖”颁奖典礼上，台湾导演傅榆因一部反映“太阳花学运”的纪录片获奖，她声称“希望我们的国家可以被当成一个真正独立的个体来看待，是我身为一个台湾人最大的愿望”。
C | 同一天，前一届的“金马奖”影帝、大陆演员涂们上台为“最佳女主角”颁奖时，表示“特别荣幸再次来到中国台湾金马奖颁奖”及“我感到了两岸一家亲”，当时被媒体视为反击傅榆的“台独”论调。典礼原先安排导演李安与演员巩俐一同颁发“最佳剧情片”，但巩俐也拒绝上台。2019年8月7日，国家电影局宣布暂停电影和人员参加当年“金马奖”，《一秒钟》《地久天长》《南方车站的聚会》以及《兰心大剧院》都未报名当届“金马奖”。不幸成为蔡当局的独角戏 在“金马奖”越来越政治化的趋势下，虽然仍有少数港片参与，但数量大大减少。
D | 同样是在2019年，原本已完成报名手续的香港电影《扫毒2天地对决》《使徒行者2：谍影行动》《追龙II：贼王》及动画《继园台七号》确定放弃第56届“金马奖”。香港英皇电影当年表示，已将重心放在同期举行的厦门第28届金鸡百花电影节，旗下的艺人都不出席“金马奖”颁奖典礼。香港影业协会曾于2019年8月15日发信称：“近来国家电影局发布头条文章，暂停大陆影片和人员参加2019年第56届台北金马影展；自此陆续有香港电影公司表态退出本届金马奖，本会特此通知影业同行。”早在当年6月27日，台北金马影展执行委员会公布第56届“金马奖”由香港导演杜琪峰担任评审团主席，同年9月19日杜琪峰向主办单位请辞。2021年，一部所谓反映香港“修例风波”的纪录片获得当年第58届“金马奖”的“最佳纪录片”奖，反映出这一电影奖项的立场。有岛内舆论称，去年“金马奖”，李安卸下执委会主席重任，虽然当年台湾片和台湾从业人员成了“最大赢家”（获奖作品中仅两部为香港电影，一部为澳大利亚电影，其余均为台湾电影），然而残酷的事实是台湾电影从来没有像现在那么衰弱。2019年之后，大陆和香港几乎无人参加，“金马奖”不幸成为蔡英文当局的独角戏。不少赞助商也退出——2019年10月，意大利汽车品牌玛莎拉蒂在官方微博发表声明称，台湾代理商不代表该品牌的官方立场，已要求经销商终止与台北金马影展执行委员会合作，并主张“尊重中国的领土完整”。
E | 英国服装品牌欧圣也在官方微博宣布中止与台北金马影展执行委员会的合作，随即关闭联名T恤的销售网页，并表示支持一个中国原则。
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